Biography of Tiberius, 1st Century Roman Emperor

Account of Tiberius, first Century Roman Emperor The Roman head Tiberius (November 16, 42 BCEâ€March 16, 37 CE) was an entirely able military pioneer and a reasonable municipal pioneer who attempted to limit Romes crazy financial plan. In any case, he was likewise morose and disliked. He is known essentially for his preliminary for treachery, sexual corruption, and in the end evading his duty by going into separation. Quick Facts: Tiberius Known For: Roman Emperor in the main century CEBorn: November 16, 42 BCE on the Palatine Hill, RomeParents: Tiberius Claudius Nero (85â€33 BC) and Livia DrusillaDied: March 16, 37 CE in RomeEducation: Studied with Theodous of Gadara and Nestor the AcademicSpouse(s): Vipsania Agrippina (m. 19 BCE), Livia Julia the Elder, (m. 11 BCE)Children: Drusus Julius Caesar (with Vipsania), Julia, Ti Gemellus, Germanicus (all with Julia) Early Life Tiberius was conceived on November 16, 42 BCE on the Palatine Hill or at Fundi; he was the child of the Roman quaestor Tiberius Claudius Nero (85â€33 BC) andâ his spouse Livia Drusilla. In 38 BCE, Livia had to separate from Tiberius Nero to turn into the spouse of the principal Roman ruler Augustus. Tiberius Nero passed on when Tiberius was 9 years of age. Tiberius examined talk with Theodorus of Gadara, with Nestor the Academic and maybe with Athaneaus the Peripatetic. He got familiar with Greek and fastidious in Latin. In his initial city vocation, Tiberius safeguarded and arraigned at court and before the Senate. His victories at court incorporated the making sure about of a charge of high conspiracy against Fannius Caepio and Varro Murena. He redesigned the grain flexibly and explored abnormalities in slave sleeping quarters where free individuals were confined inappropriately and where draft dodgers claimed to be slaves. Tiberius political vocation took off: he became quaestor, praetor, and diplomat at a youthful age, andâ received the intensity of a tribune for a long time. Marriage and Family In 19 BCE, he wedded Vipsania Agrippina, the girl of the eminent general Marcus Vipsanius (Agrippa); and they had a child, Drusus Julius Caesar. In 11 BCE, Augustus constrained Tiberius to separate Vipsania and wed his little girl Livia Julia the Elder, who was likewise the widow of Agrippa. Julia had three youngsters with Tiberius: Julia, Ti Gemellus, and Germanicus. Early Military Accomplishments Tiberiuss first military battle was against the Cantabrians. He at that point went to Armenia where he reestablished Tigranes to the seat. He gathered missing Roman guidelines from the Parthian court. Tiberius was sent to oversee the long-haired Gauls and battled in the Alps, Pannonia, and Germany. He oppressed different Germanic people groups and took 40,000 of themâ as detainees. He at that point settled them in homes in Gaul. Tiberius got an applause and a triumph in 9 and 7 BCE. In 6 BCE, he was prepared to acknowledge order of the eastern Roman powers, yet rather, at what might appear to be a stature of intensity, he unexpectedly resigned to the island of Rhodes. Julia and Exile By 6 BCE, Tiberius union with Julia had turned sour: apparently, he lamented leaving Vipsania. At the point when he resigned from open life, Julia was ousted by her dad for her shameless conduct. His stay on Rhodes kept going in any event eight years, between 6 BCE and 2 CE, during which time he wore a Greek shroud and shoes, communicated in Greek to the townspeople, and went to philosophical talks. Tiberius attempted before to come back to Rome when his tribunician power finished, yet his request was denied: thus he was alluded to as The Exile. After Lucius Caesar kicked the bucket in 2 CE, Tiberius mother Livia organized his review, yet to do that, Tiberius needed to disavow every single political yearning. Be that as it may, in 4 CE after all other likely replacements had kicked the bucket, Augustus received his progression child Tiberius, who thus needed to embrace his nephew Germanicus. For this, Tiberius got tribunician power and a portion of Augustuss force and afterward got back home to Rome. Later Military Accomplishments and Ascension to Emperor Tiberius was given tribunician power for a long time, during which time his duties is assuage Germany and smother the Illyrian revolt. The German mollification finished in a fiasco in the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest (9 CE), when a coalition of Germanic clans crushed three Roman armies and their helpers, drove by Publius Quinctilius Varus. Tiberius achieved total accommodation of the Illyrians, for which he was casted a ballot a triumph. He delayed the triumph festivity out of reverence to Varus debacle in Germany: however following two years more in Germany, he settled things and put on a triumphal dinner with 1,000 tables. With the offer of his crown jewels, he reestablished the sanctuaries of Concord and Castor and Pollux. Thus, in 12 CE, the delegates granted Tiberius joint control of the territories (co-princeps) with Augustus. At the point when Augustus passed on, Tiberius, as tribune, assembled the Senate where a freedman read Augustus will naming Tiberius as replacement. Tiberius approached the praetorians to give him a bodyguardâ but didnt take the title of head promptly nor even his acquired title of Augustus. Tiberius as Emperor From the outset, Tiberius detested puppets, mediated in issues of state to check misuses and abundances, abrogated Egyptian and Jewish cliques in Rome, and expelled crystal gazers. He solidified the Praetorians for effectiveness, squashed city revolts, and nullified the privilege of haven. Be that as it may, his rule went bad when sources blamed Roman people for some, even senseless violations that prompted the death penalty and seizure of their homes. In 26 CE, Tiberius banished himself to Capri, leaving the realm in charge of his Socius Laborum (accomplice of my works), Lucius Aelius Sejanus. In Capri, Tiberius quit satisfying his city obligationsâ but rather occupied with lustful acts. Most infamous is his preparation of young men to go about as nipping minnows or tiddlers, to pursue him when he swam in the royal pool, snacking between his legs. Tiberius mean and vindictive streak got his past compatriot, Sejanus, blamed for scheme against the sovereign. Sejanus was executed for injustice in 31 CE. Until Sejanus was pulverized, individuals had reprimanded him for the abundances of the sovereign, however with his passing, the accuse rested exclusively for Tiberius. The domain kept on running on without the immediate contribution of the ruler, who stayed in Capri. During Tiberius banish in Capri, Gaius (Caligula) came to live with Tiberius, who was his embraced granddad. Tiberius remembered Caligula as joint beneficiary for his will. The other beneficiary was Tiberius sibling Drusus kid, still an adolescent. Passing Tiberius kicked the bucket on March 16, 37 CE, at age 77. He had administered for almost 23 years. As indicated by Tacitus, when it looked as if Tiberius would kick the bucket normally, Caligula attempted to assume sole responsibility for the domain. Tiberius, in any case, recouped. In line with Caligula, the leader of the Praetorian Guard, Macro, stepped in and had the old ruler covered. Caligula was named sovereign. Sources Balmaceda, Catalina. The Virtues of Tiberius in Velleius Histories. Historia: Zeitschrift fã ¼r Alte Geschichte 63.3 (2014): 340â€63.Rutledge, Steven H. Tiberius Philhellenism. The Classical World 101.4 (2008): 453â€67.Seager, Robin. Tiberius. second release. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell, 1972, 2005. Syme, Ronald. History or Biography. The Case of Tiberius Caesar. Historia: Zeitschrift fã ¼r Alte Geschichte 23.4 (1974): 481â€96.

Pygmalion Essays (478 words) - Film, Literature, Academy Awards

Pygmalion is a component of satire in the sThere tory Pygmalion and in the film My Fair Woman. In the play and the film the same, a lady of the avenues named Liza Doolittle is changed from a grimy miscreant from the boulevards to a good high-class lady in just a half year by two well off men of their word named Higgins and Pickering. Pickering tested Higgings to make this little youngster a decent woman and this turns into the object of the story, which is filled with a few entertaining scenes managing the changing way of life of Liza Doolittle. There are a few diverting circumstances found in this play. Liza Doolittle's demeanor is funny in itself. She takes everything that Higgins what's more, Pickering state to her genuinely, regardless of whether they are just kidding, for example when Higgins alluded to her as ?stuff? furthermore, asked his partner Pickering in the event that they ought to have her plunk down or hurl her out the window. Liza reacted with her protected ?Ah-ah-ah-ah-ow-ow-oo-oo!!!? what's more, immediately attempted to get away from Higgins. There are a few scenes like this all through the play which I thought were all clever. Another scene I thought was diverting was the shower scene. Liza Doolittle, being a woman of the lanes, had never taken a genuine shower previously, and when she was approached to take her garments off and get into the tub, she through another fit and made a gigantic numb-skull out of herself. Despite the fact that this film and play were both made quite a while prior, there are still pieces of it that can even now be viewed as clever by the present norms. Simply envisioning a wager between two recognized honorable men on whether they can change a lady from the lanes into a lady of high class can be entertaining. A film this can be contrasted with today is Pretty Woman featuring Julia Roberts and Richard Gere. In this film, Richard begins to look all starry eyed at Julia and changes her from a lady of the avenues to a not too bad and wonderful lady, much like Higgins began to look all starry eyed at Liza Doolittle and changed her. In spite of the fact that the film My Fair Lady became wildly successful back before, I don't think that it would be exceptionally effective in the cinema world if it somehow happened to come out today since everybody's perspective on satire has definitely changed from what it used to be. Satire has lost its blamelessness, and this film was excessively guiltless to make it today. Motion pictures, for example, American Pie and Big Daddy are what crowds need to see today since they depict individuals with genuine issues in a clever manner, and they don't conceal anything in doing it, they make crowds snicker in another manner. All in all, I feel that the play Pygmalion and the film My Fair Woman both have components of satire. There are some amusing minutes all through both the play and the film that would at present be thought of fairly entertaining, yet I don't imagine that the film would prevail in the film industry today. Discourse and Communications

Performance Management at Vitality Health Enterprises, Inc. Essay

Imperativeness Health Enterprises is a huge wonder items and nutraceuticals organization offering a full scope of wellbeing, wellbeing, and excellence items around the world. The organization was initially established in 1987 in Ames, Iowa, by Hikaaru â€Å"Fred† Kikuchi who is an accomplished sequential business visionary. His motivation for Vitality came when his better half was persistently disappointed with the nature of excellence items she was finding here in the U.S., since they emigrated from Japan. Kikuchi saw a business opportunity and utilized his connections from back home to import magnificence items and the rest is history. Essentialness has experienced numerations of development that has included: moving organization home office to Des Moines †thought to be a superior area for development, building up its own assembling office with its own physicists †to build up its own one of a kind items explicitly focusing on the U.S. commercial center, buying HerbaPure Nutraceuticals to offer a more extensive scope of items, and setting up an IPO to raise capital for additional development †which presently incorporates nine worldwide workplaces speaking to business sectors in Asia, Southeast Asia, and Europe. Imperativeness has become a long ways past selling items out of Kikucki’s carport to an enormous scope endeavor in the individual consideration items part. Beth Williams is the present CEO who was selected in mid-2008 to substitute Kikuchi over worries for his wellbeing, and to inject Vitality with new blood and new thoughts in the exceptionally serious commercial center. The board loved her straightforward methodology and trusted she could turn Vitality around after a time of stagnation. James Hoffman is the recently designated VP of Human Resources at Vitality Health Enterprises and offers worries with Beth that Vitality isn't keeping up its edge on advancement, and has an enormous worker turnover rate among the exceptionally gifted research researchers. His first task is to start to lead the pack on the new Performance Management Evaluation Team, built to assess the achievement of the framework, and present the discoveries and suggestions to the board. Hoffman’s assessment can either give him an extraordinary profession opportunity, or be the impetus for his takeoff. His anxiety is they don't have all the information to give and having been Vitality for two months, he should be sure of his investigation †also his chief, Beth, is the person who executed the program quite a while prior. The primary issue in this whole case is the way Vitality can keep up being the business chief in development. There is a high turnover rate with high performing representatives, particularly the individuals who are the trailblazers in item advancement. The high turnover is ascribed to the poor impetus structure. Development is imperative at keeping up the serious edge, in any quickly evolving industry. For different representatives, the structure supports lack of concern and a culture of inadequate execution, not effectively distinguishing poor entertainers. There is an issue with the assessment procedure expected of the administrators, in the presentation assessments. They are not appropriately prepared on the best way to assess the groups and don’t like the structure since it distances colleagues. There may likewise be lawful issues with segregation and how the assessment is structured. Broad inspiration has been declining because of the presentation the executives framework. Directors don’t feel careful assessments are, â€Å"worth their time†, and they are concerned the power rank framework erroneously positions singular execution. Representatives can be set in the lower level, comp structure, on the off chance that they are a piece of a high performing group and the inverse can be valid for workers positioned in the higher level, on the off chance that they are a piece of a lower performing group. The system’s â€Å"fairness† has been addressed all through the association, and no unmistakable measures are comprehended on what directs your arrangement in the level framework. On the off chance that workers are not satisfactory on the framework, it is trying to make remedies in their exhibition. Moreover, the board feels workers are more averse to show extra drive, outside their jobs, to better the team’s execution †since there is no genuine motivating force to do as such. These issues adversely influence the way of life, and have prompted expanded turnover in top-level ability, which has left Vitality attempting to keep up its hold as industry pioneer. Execution the executives frameworks essential objective ought to be to invigorate practices that improve execution inside an organization. It shows up as Hoffman proposed †Vitality has, â€Å"missed the mark† and isn't cultivating the kind of conduct it initially set out to achieve. The inquiry for Vitality and Hoffman is: does the presentation the board framework need remedy, or would it be a good idea for them to begin without any preparation? We accept they can alter the present framework they have set up and make it fruitful. They have just taken the suitable measures to discover where the framework is deficient with regards to, which is in spurring the representatives. This exhibits Vitality is moving the correct way by being proactive on improving the workplace and culture of the organization. One framework will never be an ideal fit for all, yet we accept we’ve recognized a couple of key proposals, based off the authoritative input, that would empower Vitality to â€Å"hit the mark† with their presentation the board framework. First we would address the time requirements the supervisors have in setting up the assessments, by permitting the procedure to be stretched out by a quarter of a year. Cooperation is fundamental to turning out new items, yet the assessment evacuates the inspiration and support for singular activity that would profit group execution. We suggest a bit of the individual execution, maybe 20-30 % of the assessment, be based off group achievements; like a NFL football crew winning the Super Bowl and gaining rewards for the group. It’s notable that a few players contribute more than others because of capacity, yet the whole group contributes and gets extra pay based off the achievement. The power rank part would be based off the worker accomplishing key individual achievements, that would be controlled by the chief and representative, toward the start of the year. We would likewise expel the necessary number of rankings for top achievers, achievers, low achievers, inadmissible and not appraised. We would surrender these over to the watchfulness of the director. The director would then have a pool of cash to disseminate all through his group dependent upon the presentation assessments. So as to tempt advancement, inside the association, a particular reward/kicker structure ought to be fused into the arrangement that rewards people and groups that put up new item improvement for sale to the public. It’s clear that Vitality has made the correct moves to keep up its market pioneer discernment. We praise Beth Williams for recognizing an issue inside the organization, and being proactive to change course so as to keep up proceeded with elite.

Do Insects Hibernate in the Winter

Do Insects Hibernate in the Winter A bug doesn’t have the advantage of muscle to fat ratio, similar to bears and groundhogs, to endure frosty temperatures and shield interior liquids from going to ice. Like all ectotherms, creepy crawlies need an approach to adapt to fluctuating temperatures in their condition. Be that as it may, do bugs rest? In an exceptionally broad sense, hibernation alludes to the state where creatures pass the winter.1 Hibernation recommends the creature is in a torpid state, with its digestion eased back and propagation delayed. Creepy crawlies dont fundamentally sleep the way warm-blooded creatures do. But since the accessibility of host plants and food sources are restricted throughout the winter in cool locales, bugs do suspend their typical exercises and enter a torpid state. So how do bugs endure the virus winter months? Various creepy crawlies utilize various systems to abstain from sticking to death when the temperature falls. A few creepy crawlies utilize a blend of procedures to endure the winter. Movement At the point when it gets cold, leave! A few creepy crawlies head to hotter climes, or if nothing else better conditions, when winter climate draws near. The most well known moving bug is the ruler butterfly. Rulers in the eastern U.S. what's more, Canada fly up to 2,000 miles to spend their winter in Mexico. Numerous different butterflies and moths additionally move regularly, including the inlet fritillary, the painted woman, the dark cutworm, and fall armyworm. Regular green darners, dragonflies that possess lakes and lakes as far north as Canada, relocate too. Shared Living At the point when it gets cold, cluster up! There’s warmth in numbers for certain bugs. Bumble bees bunch together as the temperatures drop, and utilize their aggregate body warmth to keep themselves and the brood warm. Ants and termites head beneath the ice line, where their huge numbers and put away food keep them agreeable until spring shows up. A few creepy crawlies are known for their cool climate collections. Concurrent woman creepy crawlies, for instance, assemble as once huge mob on rocks or branches during spells of chilly climate. Indoor Living At the point when it gets cold, move inside! A lot to the dismay of property holders, a few bugs look for cover in the glow of human abodes when winter draws near. Each fall, people groups houses are attacked by box senior bugs, Asian kaleidoscopic woman creepy crawlies, earthy colored marmorated smell bugs, and others. While these creepy crawlies seldom cause harm inside †theyre simply searching for a comfortable spot to hold up out the winter †they may discharge putrid substances when compromised by a mortgage holder attempting to expel them. Torpor At the point when it gets cold, remain still! Certain bugs, especially ones that live in higher elevations or close to the Earth’s posts, utilize a condition of torpor to endure drops in temperature. Torpor is a brief condition of suspension or rest, during which the bug is totally stationary. The New Zealand weta, for instance, is a flightless cricket that lives in high heights. At the point when temperatures drop at night, the cricket freezes strong. As sunlight warms the weta, it comes out of the slow state and continues movement. Diapause At the point when it gets cold, rest! In contrast to torpor, diapause is a drawn out condition of suspension. Diapause synchronizes the insect’s life cycle with regular changes in its condition, including winter conditions. Set forth plainly, if it’s too cold to even think about flying and there’s nothing to eat, you should enjoy a reprieve (or delay). Creepy crawly diapause may happen in any phase of advancement: Eggs †Praying mantids endure the winter as eggs, which develop in spring.Larvae †Wooly bear caterpillars twist up in thick layers of leaf litter for winter. In spring, they turn their cocoons.Pupa †Black swallowtails spend winter as chrysalids, developing as butterflies when warm climate returns.Adults †Mourning shroud butterflies rest as grown-ups for the winter, tucking themselves behind free bark or in tree holes. Liquid catalyst At the point when it gets cold, bring down your the point of solidification! Numerous bugs get ready for the virus by making their own radiator fluid. Throughout the fall, creepy crawlies produce glycerol, which increments in the hemolymph. Glycerol gives the creepy crawly body â€Å"supercooling† capacity, permitting body liquids to dip under freezing focuses without causing ice harm. Glycerol additionally brings down the point of solidification, making bugs progressively chilly open minded, and shields tissues and cells from harm during cold conditions in the earth. In spring, glycerol levels drop once more. References 1 Definition from Hibernation, by Richard E. Lee, Jr., Miami University of Ohio. Reference book of Insects, second version, altered by Vincent H. Resh and Ring T. Carde.

How to Write a Pop Culture Argumentative Essay

How to Write a Pop Culture Argumentative EssayAre you struggling with how to write a pop culture argumentative essay? I'm sorry to say that you're in the wrong genre. Writing these types of essays is a very difficult and challenging task.How to write a pop culture argumentative essay can be found by understanding what it is that you are writing about. Pop culture is defined as a mass popular activity and may also be described as a mass-marketed type of culture which is used by individuals or groups to entertain themselves or attract others.There are several popular entertainments available to the consumer, and some of them are commercial, educational, academic, political, or technical. Each category is susceptible to different forms of argumentative writing.There are a number of topics to be covered in your pop culture argumentative essay. You will need to identify the major mediums of entertainment. This will help you pinpoint your argumentative style. It may also help to understand what types of media you are going to be targeting with your essay.The most popular topic of these days is video games. If you choose to write about video games then you will need to find information that will prove that video games are still popular. This will make your argument more convincing and compelling.Another popular entertainment which can be covered in an argumentative essay is television. Most people today understand that television has changed a great deal in the past few decades. So, if you choose to write an argumentative essay about television then you will need to find evidence that shows that television has changed in the past few decades.One other type of essay topics which you will probably want to include is radio and television. As you can imagine, if you choose to write an argumentative essay about radio and television, you will need to find evidences that both of these mediums have changed significantly in the past couple of decades. Again, this will make you r argument more convincing and compelling.There are plenty of essay topics to choose from. You just need to find out what it is that you are writing about and then find out what type of argumentative essay topics that you can use to express it.

Abortion Has Been An Astonishingly - Free Essay Example

Abortion has been an astonishingly controversial and disunited argument throughout the years and it has undoubtedly affected every branch of American government. There are several conservative groups of people that are strictly pro-life, where their biggest concern is the potential fetus and what they consider as murder taking place. Meanwhile, other groups of people, who are typically more liberal, are in favor of the right to a choice. They typically argue in consideration of a womans right to make her own decisions concerning her body and the right to privacy. At a glance, there is no possibility of compromise, because it is a significant emotional and divided argument; in a political system that depends on bargaining, negotiation, and compromise to create governing majorities, the abortion controversy was bound to be problematic and unyielding (Craig). There is no simple solution because regardless of what the verdict is in cases concerning abortion, there will be an excessive amount of people upset. The Supreme Court case of Planned Parenthood v. Casey was no exception; it not only went over the Courts previous ruling in Roe v. Wade, but it also touched on subjects that hadnt been considered in previous cases. Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey took place in 1992 when five abortion clinics and a doctor made the decision to challenge Robert P. Casey, the Governor of Pennsylvania. The Court reviewed issues that werent present in the precedent cases of Roe v. Wade (1973) and Webster v. Reproductive Health Services (1989). The main constitutional issue that all of these cases had in common concerned the right to privacy. The Supreme Court never ruled on the standards states could follow when establishing restrictions on abortion laws, which caused the laws of each state to vary. The constitutional issue at hand with abortion falls into the right of privacy and the substantive due process, which is the principle that governmental action abridging a persons life, liberty, or property interests must serve a legitimate governmental policy (Perry). Overall, the Court was looking at each provision that was already in place and determined if they caused an undue burden on women. The debate in Casey was centered around the constitutionality of the Pennsylvania Abortion Control Act of 1892. This act was revised in 1988 and then again in 1989, both of which continually added regulation laws that limited access to abortion. Many pro-choice organizations were extremely upset by this act and decided to take action against it. Within the Pennsylvania law, the doctor performing an abortion was required to receive a statement from the patient before the procedure stating that she had notified her spouse about the procedure (Graber). The alternative options for the woman were to provide a statement that concluded her husband was not the man who impregnated her, that she couldnt locate her husband, that she believed that notifying her husband poses a threat, or that spousal sexual assault had taken place, which she had reported. If a doctor were to perform the procedure without a signed statement from the woman, they would consequently lose their licenses. If a woman p rovided false information in her statement, she would be found guilty of a third-degree misdemeanor. Planned Parenthood made the decision to file a lawsuit against the state, contending that the Abortion Control Act breached the Supreme Courts directive in Roe v. Wade. After the Pennsylvania court upheld all of the provisions except for the spousal notification, pro-choice groups were determined to take it the Supreme Court. Historically, the Supreme Court enforced the substantive due process and used this principle to degrade state and federal legislation that differed from the Courts perspective of rightful policy. In the late 1930s, Franklin D. Roosevelt appointed new Justices to the Court. This new court reacted to anticipated judicial excesses of new generations by dismissing the use of the substantive due process to discredit state and federal legislation. Over the next 25 years, there was a period between the old substantive due process and the growth of the new version. During this time, the Court didnt properly dismiss the principle of substantive due process; occasionally the Court would investigate whether challenged legislation was persistent with this principle. However, the Courts review of the process was so submissive to the legislation that it was questioned to be highly insignificant. An example of this taking place would be the court case of Williamson v. Lee Optical Co. in 1955. In the mid-1960s, the Court began to change direction. In the case of Griswold v. Connecticut (1965), the Court recognizes the constitutional right of privacy to declare that a state doesnt have the right to prohibit the use of contraceptives for married people. In Eisenstadt v. Baird (1972), the verdict was based on equal protection grounds. This court ruled that a state couldnt ban the use of contraceptives for single people as well. In Roe v. Wade, the court declared that the due process clause of the 14th amendment bans a state from restricting a womans access to an abortion during the period of pregnancy before a fetuss viability. In the Roe case, the court executed a firm version of the substantive due process provision because the criminal ban of abortion defied in Roe diminished a fundamental liberty interest of the woman. Clearly, the Constitution states nothing about abortion as it was nonexistent in that time. Due to this, the courts decision in Roe v. Wade is a clear repr esentation of judicial activism. The main complaints from critics concern the legitimacy of judicial activism (Colker). It is imperative to note how society perceived abortion in this day to understand how the court and the public felt about the issues in this case. Throughout the years, public opinion polls have continuously shown a strong split between pro-life and pro-choice supporters. As shown, with a strict split comes many controversies and disagreements. Through the 1990s, there continued to be a strong negative stigma towards abortion. During the ?80s and ?90s, many abortion clinics were being bombed throughout the country (Kuersten). Conservative people were violently acting out in protest against abortion. It was common to find groups of people outside of abortion clinics to try to scare or intimidate women out of the procedure. Meanwhile, more liberal groups were actively protesting for their right to an abortion. The people of the U.S. knew it was going to be interesting to see if the court would reaffirm or overturn Roe v. Wade as the Supreme Court was now more ideologically conservative than at the time Roe had taken place. Once the case made it to the Supreme Court, the Court of Appeals was the cause of many of the restrictions; however, not including the spousal notification mandate. In this case, the Court had to come to a conclusion to either affirm or overturn Roe v. Wade. The court had come to a split decision in which the majority of what was previously declared in Roe would remain in place. The appellate court determined that the informed consent and 24-hour waiting period provisions were fair. It was decided that women would be required to be informed of the possible outcomes of the procedure and the woman must verify in writing that she was aware of the risks. For minors, the lower court decided to keep the parental consent provision. The Court also decided to uphold the judicial bypass option where there is an exception in which a minor can ask a court to determine if she is mature enough to make the decision without her parents involved or if notifying the parents could potentially cause har m to the minor. In the end, there was a 5-4 decision between a deeply divided bench. Justice Sandra Day OConnor wrote the decision that refused to uphold the pregnancy trimester format found in Roe v. Wade. The Court believed that these regulations based on viability minimized the interest of the potential life at hand. The official opinion for the case was authored by Justices OConnor, Kennedy, and Souter. The Supreme Court upheld every provision except for the spousal notification provision. Due to the strict scrutiny of this provision, the appellate court came to the conclusion that it unduly burdened women by possibly open them to spousal abuse, violence, and economic duress by their spouse. The Court ruled that spousal notifications would be overturned because it could potentially prevent a high number of women from getting abortions; this is especially accurate for women who were victims of physical or psychological abuse. The Court declared a right to liberty in the Due Process Clause which mentions bodily integrity and privacy interests as to whether or not to continue or terminate a pregnancy (West). However, the informed consent provisions didnt consistently work with this right. This ruling gave states the opportunity to have more leeway to set regulations for abortion. State laws are required to balance the constitutional right to abortion and the interest in potential life; a state law is unconstitutional, the Court ruled, if its purpose or effect is to ?place a substantial obstacle in the path of a woman seeking an abortion before the fetus obtains viability (Kuersten). Therefore, if a law made abortion increasingly difficult or more expensive to receive, it would be declared unconstitutional. The ruling in Casey changed the future of abortion indefinitely. This had a deep effect on reproductive healthcare in the United States and changed the legal standard by which regulations are appraised. Although the verdict in Casey re-established a womans right to an abortion, it also expanded new restrictive legislation as well. These new regulations have most profoundly been shown to affect young, underprivileged, rural, and minority women. Cases such as these pave the way for future court cases to come about and challenge the states role in regulating womens healthcare. This case was undeniably important to the U.S. and has been used as a precedent in several other cases, such as, Stenberg v. Carhart (2000), Gonzales v. Carhart (2007), and Whole Womans Health v. Hellerstedt (2016) (Oyez). Works Cited Colker, Ruth. Planned Parenthood v. Casey, 505 U.S. 833 (1992). Encyclopedia of the Supreme Court of the United States, edited by David S. Tanenhaus, vol. 4, Macmillan Reference USA, 2008, pp. 47-49. Gale Virtual Reference Library, https://link.galegroup.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/apps/doc/CX3241200773/GVRL?u=txshracd2487sid=GVRLxid=e56c9923. Accessed 16 Oct. 2018. Craig, Barbara Hinkson, and David M. OBrien. Abortion and American Politics. Chatham House Publ, 1993. Graber, Mark A. Planned Parenthood V. Casey. American Governance, edited by Stephen Schechter, et al., vol. 4, Macmillan Reference USA, 2016, pp. 36-37. Gale Virtual Reference Library, https://link.galegroup.com.lsproxy.austincc.edu/apps/doc/CX3629100481/GVRL?u=txshracd2487sid=GVRLxid=b1123112. Accessed 2 Oct. 2018. Kuersten, Ashlyn K. Planned Parenthood v. Casey (1992). Womens Rights in the United States: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Issues, Events, and People, edited by Tiffany K. Wayne and Lois Banner, vol. 4: Third-Wave and Global Feminisms (1990â€Å"Present), ABC-CLIO, 2015, pp. 179-180. Gale Virtual Reference Library, https://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/CX6194000761/GVRL?u=txshracd2487sid=GVRLxid=dee422c9. Accessed 28 Sept. 2018. Oyez. www.oyez.org/issues/423. Perry, Michael J. Abortion and the Constitution. Encyclopedia of the American Constitution, edited by Leonard W. Levy and Kenneth L. Karst, 2nd ed., vol. 1, Macmillan Reference USA, 2000, pp. 4-6. Gale Virtual Reference Library, https://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/CX3425000020/GVRL?u=txshracd2487sid=GVRLxid=502d072e. Accessed 16 Oct. 2018. West, Robin. 1994. The Nature of the Right to an Abortion: A Commentary on Professor Brownsteins Analysis of Casey! Hastings Law Journal 45: 961â€Å"967.

Functionalist View Of The Family - 1473 Words

Murdock (1949) studied 250 different societies, he concluded that society could not survive without the family as it was so functional. He argued there were four essential functions, without these society would not survive: sexual, reproductive, economic and education. Without sex and reproduction there would be no new members, without economic and education, the family providing for its members, the young socialised to norms and values, cultures would not exist. In the absence of this human society would cease (Haralambos and Holborn, 2008). 83 Evaluate the functionalist view of the family by referring to for example, the view that the family has lost functions/role due to structural differentiation. Parsons (1955) studied the modern†¦show more content†¦220 Discuss an additional sociological theory on the role of the family, e.g. feminist, Marxist or the New Right. Where functionalism believes the nuclear family is positive, marxism argues from a negative viewpoint seeing an extended and reproduced conflict between classes. Marxist dispute the belief of family having equal benefit for all and argue the capitalist economy depends on the family to buy and work, to produce goods which benefits the capitalist. Although the nuclear family is responsible for socialisation, it must be considered that not all norms and values are positive. They oppose the functionalists who paint a rosy view, who forget to account for issues that arise possibly leading to divorce or separation, as not all families are the same (Taylor and Richardson et al,. 2002). The increase of economic pressure from unemployment and people living longer seen to impose pressure on relationships leading to breakdown. The socialisation process seen to result in the spreading of the ruling class philosophy, individuals being deceived into accepting a capitalist system of leadership and dominance. Those Bourgeois benefitting from a created labour force with the proletariat exploited. Engels (1972) saw the bourgeois form of nuclear family as oppressing women, who were dependent financially on their spouse and expected child bearers. Family being designed to control women, protect property and for men to know theirShow MoreRelatedFunctionalist View of the Family1317 Words   |  6 Pagesusefulness of the functionalist view for an understanding of the family today? Functionalism is a structural theory. In functionalism, social institutes like families are the key parts of the structure/system. These institutions are seen as working in an integrated way that keeps society in a state of consensus. Functionalists stress the positive role of a family for society and its members. They argue that the families’ role is universal and functional. A famous functionalist, called Murdock believedRead MoreAssess the Functionalist View of the Family.1031 Words   |  5 Pages‘Assess the functionalist view of the family?’ Functionalist looks at society on a macro level. It is a consensus theory and structuralists prefer to use functionalism as it agrees with their ideals and models and they prefer to look at society as a whole. Functionalists are interested in studying what family is most functional. This essay will assess how functionalists view point of the family by exploring Murdock, Comte, Parsons and Durkheim, the founder of functionalism, ideas and evaluatingRead MoreEssay on The Functionalist View of the Family565 Words   |  3 PagesThe Functionalist View of the Family It is undoubted that functionalism has contributed to the general understanding of the family, even if you don’t believe the functionalist view-point to be correct, it still plays an essential part in the topic of sociology by simply being there to conflict the Marxist view of the family. The functionalist view of society makes the assumption that every society has a range of basic needs. Functionalists would say that if Read MoreCompare and Contrast the Functionalist and Marxist views on the Family1508 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Compare and Contrast the Functionalist and Marxist views on the Family Functionalists argue that societies consist of inter-related social institutions such as schools, mass media, political systems, the Church and the family each of which contribute positively to the maintenance of stability of society as a whole. Broadly speaking it is assumed by functionalists that societies operate in the interests of all of their members so that there is no reason for fundamental conflict in society. InsteadRead More Functionalist View on Same-Sex Families Essay1162 Words   |  5 Pages Functionalist View on Same-Sex Families What is Functionalism? Functionalism is the belief that members of society form relationships with each other through rules and regulations i.e. the law. They also believe society is based on a consensus and there is no time for conflict, although it is acknowledged but is seen as only a temporary disturbance, which can be resolved. They believe it is the basis of social life without it there would be conflict and disorder.Read MoreOutline and Evaluate Functionalist Views of the Role of the Family in Society.1570 Words   |  7 PagesOutline and evaluate Functionalist views of the role of the family in society. [33 marks] Functionalism is a structuralist theory; this meaning that it sees social structure (the social organisation of society) as more important than individuals. Functionalist sociologists believe that people have a range of basic needs that must be met if society is to run smoothly. Different groups and individuals in society are important because they perform certain functions which meet societys needs. FunctionalismRead MoreFunctionalist View Of The School As Secondary Socialisation And Acts As A Bridge Between The Family And Wider Society Essay1744 Words   |  7 PagesAnother functionalist view is that of Talcott Parsons, who focuses on the function of the school as being secondary socialisation and acts as a bridge between the family and wider society. In the family we gain ascribed status and are judged on particularistic terms, this means that we are seen as a particular person, i.e. son/daughter, and as such receive specific treatment. When we move into wider society we are judg ed in terms of our achieved status, that which we have gained through our own meritsRead MoreAssess the View That the Nuclear Family Functions to Benefit All It Members and Society of a Whole1216 Words   |  5 PagesAssess the view that the nuclear family functions to benefit all its members and society as a whole. A nuclear family is universal and is defined as a two generational grouping; consisting of a father, mother and their children, all living in the same household. The idea of the nuclear family was first noticed in Western Europe in 17th century. The concept that narrowly defines a nuclear family is essential to the stability in modern society and has been promoted by modern social conservatives inRead MoreThe Usefulness of Functionalism for an Understanding of the Family1289 Words   |  6 PagesFunctionalism for an Understanding of the Family The Functionalists see the family as an important and vital institution in society. They take a MACRO view and look at interdependence between the family and other organisations. Functionalists look at the positive parts to society but overlook the negatives. They emphasise on the value consensus and see the family as being universal. Other people’s outlooks disagree with this view, such as the Marxists, the Marxist FeministsRead MoreFunctionalist Perspective On Society As A Macro Institution1056 Words   |  5 PagesThe functionalist perspective In this essay I will outline and evaluate the functionalist perspective. This will include exploring the origins of the perspective, while explaining and evaluating how functionalists see society as a macro institution, rather than its many constituent parts. Further to this I will explore how functionalists deem the way society should be maintained and organised to maintain a functionalist’s ideal society. The consensus perspective is predominantly concerned with the

The Banking Concept of Education and The Achievement of Desire Free Essay Example, 1000 words

Even though this example does not demonstrate the usual way the â€Å"banking concept of education† happens, for instance through lectures and tests, it does show how it can happen even in subtle ways. Rodriguez’s teachers believed that the kind of language they spoke was the correct kind of language, and rewarded Rodriguez for his ability to copy them. They did not think that Rodriguez’s language that he learned from his parents could be useful, or good, or equal to their own. This is an example of how the â€Å"banking concept of education† creates a structure with teachers at the top and everyone else below them – something Rodriguez put into himself as he changed his language. Rodriguez’s text shows how the â€Å"banking concept of education† can lead to destroying critical thinking faculties and rather encouraging copying educators. Rodriguez says in his text that he began to â€Å"idolize [his] grammar school teachers† ( 520). He did this because they held the knowledge and skills that he wanted to get further into education. But he did not only copy their language, as talked about above. We will write a custom essay sample on The Banking Concept of Education and The Achievement of Desire or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now He copied everything they did. Rodriguez says that he imitated â€Å"their actions, using their diction, trusting their every direction† (Rodriguez, 520). Rodriguez â€Å"trusting† his teachers’ direction means that he was not being critical of anything they said, because trust without thinking is the opposite of critical thinking. This shows that the banking concept of education hurts students’ ability to actually think for themselves. Rodriguez’s story that he would go home and correct his parent â€Å"with the remark: ‘my teacher told us †¦Ã¢â‚¬  shows very well that he was not questioning what his teachers thaught him, and did not seem to think that his parents could be right about something when his teachers disagreed with him. Rodriguez’s text clearly shows how the banking concept of education completely kills critical thinking. But this is not the only way that the banking concept of edu cation hurt Rodriguez. The banking concept of education hurt Rodriguez’s relationship with his family, by putting school and what teachers say as the most important thing, and making Rodriguez feel that his parents were useless, and become embarrassed about them. Rodriguez quotes a person, Hoggart, who made a theory about â€Å"scholarship children, † which Rodriguez thinks applies to himself. One of the main points of this theory is that teachers tend to set what they teach in the classroom, slow paced thinking and learning, and not practical needs and necessities, against what many working-class people experience at home, which is a desperate push to make enough money, provide enough food, take care of the children, and everything like that (Rodriguez, 519).

Key Themes Of The Great Awakening - 1542 Words

1. In the context of HIST 2010, some of the key themes that Americans believe are true about themselves are the American passion for freedom which is fundamental from the New England separatists to the Civil Rights Movement. The pursuit of education means new freedom requires more education. Another theme is unquestioned fanatic in the value of government. American are willing to expire me to new things. We are a very open country. Americans do not feel constrained by the past. America believes they are exceptional. We believe we represent the best the world has ever seen. 2. The Great Awakening was many emotional revivals ignited by a huge sense of religious decline, fear of erosion of religion and the necessity of â€Å"rebirth† during the†¦show more content†¦In October, Burgoyne was forced to surrender in battles of Saratoga. Victories at Saratoga showed world that Americans could win the revolution. Saratoga will convince the French to support. 4. The Spanish were the first to take advantage of the New World’s riches by forging an intense national unity that enables it to dominate Europe as well as the New World wall France and England were preoccupied with political disputes and religious conflict. The treasures seized from Mexico and Peru added to Spain’s military and economic power. The single-minded focus on gold and silver also tempted the Spanish government to live beyond its means. Between 1557 and 1662, the kings of Spain were forced to declare bankruptcy 10 times. For most of the colonial period, much of what belong to Spain, and Spanish culture etched a lasting imprint upon American ways of life. Spain’s colonial presence lasted more than three centuries, much longer than either England s or France’s. New SpainShow MoreRelated Symbolism in Kate Chopins The Awakening Essay1467 Words   |  6 PagesSymbolism in Kate Chopins The Awakening Chopins The Awakening is full of symbolism.   Rather than hit the reader on the head with blunt literalism, Chopin uses symbols to relay subtle ideas.   Within each narrative segment, Chopin provides a symbol that the reader must fully understand in order to appreciate the novel as a whole.   I will attempt to dissect some of the major symbols and give possible explanations as to their importance within the text.   Art itself is a symbol of both freedomRead MoreThoreau’s Journey: Problem, Need, Lifestyle, and Revelation Essay1287 Words   |  6 Pagesliving in a cabin near Walden Pond is considered a seminal work of early American transcendentalism. Thoreau never explicitly reveals the spiritual truth at the end of his journey. Still, a discerning Christian reader can note the main transcendental themes and ideals that Thoreau demonstrates, separating that which should be applauded from that which should be rejected. Thoreau sees mankind’s self-alienation as the fundamental problem in society. In the opening chapter of the book, â€Å"Economy,† ThoreauRead MoreEssay on symbolaw Use of Symbols and Symbolism in The Awakening1292 Words   |  6 PagesUse of Symbolism in Chopins The Awakening The Awakening is a novel full of symbolism; within each narrative segment there is often a central and powerful symbol that serves to add meaning to the text and to underline some subtle point Chopin is making. Understanding the meaning of these symbols is vital to a full appreciation of the story. This essay lists some of the major symbols with explanations of their importance. Art becomes a symbol of both freedom and failure. It is through theRead MoreGreat Awakening Reflection932 Words   |  4 Pagesother sermons in ideologies and emotions provoked so that I might not learn about typical effects sermons had on people at that time. More importantly, my present values influence my perception of the sermon. Since I have some difficulty to interpret key words like â€Å"wicked† and â€Å"fierceness of indignation†, I about Edwards’ teachings. My non-religious view of God also causes biases. I see God as a human invention for comfort and happiness, so I have a negative view towards Edwards’ argument that GodRead MoreJonathan Edwards : Early Colonial Theologist And Religious Revivalist1533 Words   |  7 Pagesrevivals and conversions in those he reached. The first Great Awakening, forerunner to the American Revolution and Protestant missionary expansion, was a time in American history when our colonies were trying to break free from the influence and stronghold of Europe and revolutionize on an American dream. It was a pivotal period in the early formation of the democratizing of America’s religious, social, and political arenas. The Great Awakening occurred during a time when American church leadershipRead More Essay on the Characters in The Awakening793 Words   |  4 PagesImportance of the Characters in The Awakening  Ã‚   The Awakening was a very exciting and motivating story. It contains some of the key motivational themes that launched the women’s movement. It was incredible to see how women were not only oppressed, but how they had become so accustomed to it, that they were nearly oblivious to the oppression. The one woman, Edna Pontellier, who dared to have her own feelings was looked upon as being mentally ill. The pressure was so great, that in the end, the onlyRead MoreIn The Life And Writings Of Kate Chopin And Mary E. Freeman,1343 Words   |  6 Pagesand sexual desires. After her father’s death, her mother, grandmother, and great grandmother, who were all widows, raised her. They themselves had managed to support their family without the need of a man, and it might have been what gave her the courage to write so freely. She was also influenced by the radical and critical changes that were happening for women in the society around her. (Vandermoss) She wrote â€Å"The Awakening† in 1889 and it was banned in her own hometown because of all the controversyRead More Theme of Isolation in Gilman’s The Yellow Wallpaper, Steinbeck’s The Chrysanthemums and Chopin’s The Awakening1619 Words   |  7 PagesDespite differing story lines, Charlotte Gilman’s The Yellow Wallpaper, John Steinbeck’s The Chrysanthemums and Kate Chopin’s The Awakening, depict the same suffering; the isolation that women have been forced to endure throughout history. In the time period that all three characters were placed, it was culturally acceptable for wives to be dominated by their husbands; their responsibility revolving around the needs of their children and those of their spouse. Most women simply did not have a meansRead MoreBeethoven Concert Symphony No 61128 Words   |  5 Pagesliterally (Classicalmusiceducation.com). The music does however seem to match up beautifully with the titles. The first movement is titled; Awakening of Cheerful Feelings on Arriving in the Country, Allegro ma non troppo and begins with an opening drone. The piece has a very quick, but somehow leisurely pace that repeats itself in a typical sonata form. Themes emerge, but do not seem to be in conflict as in other symphonies, there is a lack of noticeable tension. Imagine a forest, with the soundsRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance Is Embraced As One Of The Most Influential1412 Words   |  6 Pagesrenaissance featured Aaron Douglas, Palmer C. Hayden, Archibald J. Motley, and Hale Woodruff. Each one of these art forms contributed greatly to black Americans across the land, as the intellect and talent encouraged a cultural awakening within the people. After the Great Depression, the decline in the Harlem Renaissance, the renaissance continued to have an international impact on the black community, as it aided in established the credibility, authority, and reputability of black writers and a rtists

The Outcome Of The 2016 Election Essay - 1625 Words

The outcome of the 2016 election came as a surprise to many, pleasant to some and unpleasant to others. However, when looking at the theories and ideas in political psychology, the election of Republican nominee Donald Trump over Democratic nominee Hillary Clinton is not entirely shocking. Cognitive dissonance theory, schemas and heuristics, and social influence, specifically conformity, can all help to explain why Donald Trump is America’s new president-elect. Cognitive dissonance is defined as â€Å"when people encounter an inconsistency between any two cognitions† (Haas, Lecture, October 11, 2016). These conflicting attitudes, beliefs, and values produce discomfort. The rules of cognitive dissonance theory by Leon Festinger state that the two cognitions must be relevant. If relevant, they can either be dissonant or consonant. Dissonance causes negative control and people will be motivated to reduce this (Haas, Lecture, October 11, 2016). One study by Brock and Ballou n (1962) found that cognitive dissonance does indeed occur. In the experiment, students were given the option of listening to a message the whole way through or to push a button that muted the message for any length of time. The study found that people who smoked pushed the button to mute the message during messages that discussed the link between cancer and smoking. Additionally, those who identified as strongly Christian muted a message that attempted to debunk Christianity for a longer period of time thanShow MoreRelatedPresidential Election : Obama And Mitt Romney995 Words   |  4 Pageshistory of the United States, the 2016 election cycle is the 57th presidential election, yet it could be the strangest of them all. In contrast, the 2012 election between Barack Obama and Mitt Romney was a relatively tame and mundane election. It was decided by two elements, just as the 2016 election will be decided by. Choice, both by the media and the candidates is one ingredient to determine the outcome of elections. Chance similarly affects election outcomes, though chance deals with environmentalRead MoreAmerica s Voting Equipment s Major Problem? Essay1264 Words   |  6 PagesJessie Sisavat Professor Smith Pols 116 December 13, 2016 What Is America’s Voting Equipment’s Major Problem? For several decades, the American people have been skeptical if their votes count due to the uncertainty of various voting methods. The election process is marred with dissatisfaction and inaccuracy in governmental elections. Voting means a lot to citizens because it is what gets the people’s voices heard. There are voters that are uncertain of trusting the candidates that will make theirRead MorePresidential Elections And Election Elections1509 Words   |  7 PagesPolitical elections, especially presidential elections have many variables that influence the voters when they go to the polls. Many researchers use various methods to figure out all the possible outcomes of the election and what the voters are looking for in a particular year. This year has been unique because of the different personalities that the candidates own. This new diversity has caused researchers to revise their tactics from earlier years. Also, negative political ads for this election yearRead MorePred icting The Future Of The Election Before The Voting Deadline Of November 8th1214 Words   |  5 Pageswill probably still be cold tomorrow. This is the same way for Presidential elections. If a candidate were to maintain their strong lead from the beginning of the election, unless something were to happen, it is expected that they will continue that lead in the future as well. So if meteorologists are able to reliably predict the outcome of the weather, can Psephologists reliably predict the outcome of the presidential election before the voting deadline of November 8th? There are always peopleRead MoreWhy Should Millennials Do Not Vote?1189 Words   |  5 Pagesvoting in elections. I, myself, as part of the Millennial Generation also do not understand this characteristic as well. We all question many decisions of others, but the millennial generation is being questioned for one of its many characteristics, why do the majority of millennials not vote? There are three specific reasons as to why millennials do not vote in elections: 1. They think their vote doesn t matter. For example, only a handful of swing states actually decide in the election. Case inRead MoreThe Presidential Election : President Carter Essay1402 Words   |  6 PagesEver since President Carter, there have been disputes of how to reform the election process of the Democratic nominee for the general election. Both teams presented their arguments explicitly of why or why not the superdelegates should be abolished from the Presidential Nomination System. 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Thesis Statement: All American citizens who can vote should vote during the November 2016 general election because it is an earned privilege, every vote counts, and you’re electing the next leader of the country. BP #2 All American citizens who can vote should vote during the November 2016 general election because it is an earned democratic privilege. ChurchillRead MoreCase Study The Voter Turnout For The Election705 Words   |  3 PagesAs citizens, we are all called out to make political choices during elections thus vote when required. But not all citizens vote during elections. In this assignment, we will study the voter turnout for the march 2016 primary elections for the republican and democratic parties based on the Harris country reports for the county itself has a whole and more specifically other voter precinct that are concerned by certain voters for this assignment. 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Harsher Sentencing Policies And More Punitive Laws

In the last few decades, there has been an increase in the number of individuals who have been incarcerated in both federal and state prisons. Indeed, research has shown that harsher sentencing policies and more punitive laws have resulted in the incarceration of more than 2.3 million people in the varied jails and prisons; thereby making the United States the leader as far as incarceration is concerned. Incarceration and sentencing systems have conventionally been aimed at having varying goals including rehabilitation, incapacitation, punishment and deterrence. Recent decades have seen the enactment of sentencing policy initiatives with the aim of enhancing the criminal justice systems deterrent effect. The term deterrence underlines the discouragement of an individual from doing something for doubt or fear (Tonry 24). Casare Beccaria, the father of classical criminology, believed that certainty, severity, and swiftness could deter crime. He expressed that as certainty of penalizat ion goes up, the less likely someone is to transgress the law. So if the criminals figure out that they would be penalized, they would be more discouraged to commit a crime. He strongly believes that the laws need to be very clear and must always be enforced. His second principle of deterrence expressed that the more swift the punishment is set in, the less likely crime will transpire. Beccaria believes that the less time between the crime and the penalization, the more vigorous impact it wouldShow MoreRelatedPunitive Model Of Incarceration During The United States1321 Words   |  6 Pages Examining the Punitive Model of Incarceration in the United States and the Changes that Brought It About Collin S. Lahr Ball State University Abstract This paper explores several different sources that cover some aspect of how the United States Penal System went from the Rehabilitative Model to a punitive system. Bryan Stevenson and Betsy Matthews have written about how drug enforcement and the â€Å"War on Drugs† are responsible. Yeoman Lowbrow’s analysis of the crime rate and statistics willRead MoreThe Goals of Sentencing in the Criminal Justice System1747 Words   |  7 PagesThe Goals of Sentencing in the Criminal Justice System By: Brian Ouellette Criminal Justice CCJ 1020 Mr. Leonardo Cadogan Abstract In the United States there is no standard when it comes to punishment and sentencing. This area of the  criminal justice system is in a constant state of change. Sentencing practices and goals are always being closely examined. From getting tough on crime to more rehabilitative approaches, the views and goals of sentencing are always beingRead MoreFailure Is A Compromising And Alarming Idea. When Thinking1575 Words   |  7 PagesFailure is a compromising and alarming idea. When thinking about the drug control policy of the past half-century, failure is the only conclusion that one can come to. A dated history of combatting drug abuse with punitive measures has not led to the annihilation of illicit drug use. It has not created safer societies. It has led to the stigmatization and isolation of a substantial proportion of society and stimulated drug crimes. Now it is time to look back and address the negative consequencesRead MoreGANG VIOLENCE AND HARSH PENALTIES1465 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Chen March 20 2014 Gang Violence and Harsh Penalties The presence of gang violence has plagued the United States for many years. Although it is more active in some parts of the country than others, gang violence affects every American: either monetarily as a taxpayer or directly as a victim. Regardless, it is a concern of every individual; therefore, the criminal justice system has been addressing it for years in different ways. The approach of emphasizing harsh punishments has been implementedRead MoreThe On The Juvenile Justice System Essay1236 Words   |  5 Pagesto the purposes clause would go against the primary purpose of the juvenile justice system, rehabilitation and treatment as opposed to punishment. During the 19th century, the American legal system tended to treat juveniles who violated the criminal law much as it did adult offenders. Consequently, if courts found children criminally responsible, they would then impose the same sentences, e.g. capital punishment, and committed these youths to the same penal facilities as they did adult criminals. DespiteRead MoreThe philosophy of probation has changed over the past several years. Originally, probation1100 Words   |  5 Pagesprobation has changed over the past several years. Originally, probation officers were considered social worker, able to focus on the individual offender, rather than statutory schemes of the legal system. This ideology aligned with the indeterminate sentencing structure that acknowledged individualization of the offender. However, today probation officers have been coined â€Å"the guardian of the guidelines† (Bunzel, 1995, para 2). Under this new philosophy, probation is a facilitator of the net-wideningRead MoreCanada Should Focus More on Rehabilitation and Less on Retribution 3217 Words   |  13 Pagesgoals of sentencing include deterrence, safety of the public, retribution, rehabilitation, punishment and respect for the law (Government of Canada, 2013). However, the type of justice system in place within a s tate or country greatly influences the aims and mandates of prisons and in turn targets different aspects of sentencing goals. Justice systems commonly focus on either rehabilitative or retributive measures. Canada is a country where rehabilitation has been a formal part of sentencing and correctionalRead MoreBlack Americans Receive A Stricter Punishment Than White Americans Essay1446 Words   |  6 Pagesit consequently threatens communities of color by â€Å"disenfranchising thousands by limiting voting rights and denying equal access to employment, housing, public benefits, and education to millions more (Kerby 2).† Two professors from the University of British Columbia and the University of Michigan Law School, M. Marit Rehavi and Sonja B. Starr recently conducted a study that confirms that Black Americans receive a stricter punishment than White Americans. According to the study â€Å"Black AmericansRead MoreAmericas War on Drugs - The Prison Industrial Complex Essay911 Words   |  4 PagesAfter viewing the documentary: Americas War on Drugs - The Prison Industrial Complex, it is clear that the Criminal Justice System is in desperate need of reconstruction and repair with policies such as the mandatory minimum sentencing act which has proven to be unsuccessful and unjust in its efforts to deter criminals from committing illegal acts as seen with the increase of incarcerations of the American people and the devastating effect it has had on those in prison and the family members ofRead MoreRacial Disparities Of The United States Justice System3104 Words   |  13 Pagesdifferences in the pro portions of a racial group in the system and in the general population. There is extensive literature detailing the higher likelihood of minorities, specifically African Americans, being arrested, receiving harsher sentences, and being incarcerated more frequently than Whites. As of 2008, African Americans comprised 13% of the general population, yet made up 38% of prison and jail inmates. Latinos comprised 15% of the general population, and 19% of the prison and jail population

Infant Swimming Essay Example For Students

Infant Swimming Essay Drowning is the third most common death related accident among children younger than 4 in the United States and the leading cause of death in children younger than 5 in California, Arizona, and Florida. (Ellis Trent, 1997) People have reacted to such statistics by coming up with programs to teach children to swim. The programs started with the pioneering work of Virginia Hunt Newman who brought the idea over to the United States from Australia. She was taught by an Australian by the name of Claire Zimmerman. (Johnson Odent, 1995) Researchers have found that the best programs understand that knowledge of infant behavior and development would be the safest technique to prevent future drownings. We will write a custom essay on Infant Swimming specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Through years of research with constant colleague review behavioral psychologists have developed programs to reduce the chances of drowning and free the child from the effects of fear when they near the water. Operant conditioning along with psychological development are the technologies used in teaching infants. These programs use child development principles to develop the program goals. Tens of thousands of children have learned the skills to save themselves in a panic situation. The drownproofing programs in the United States have made safety their number one priority and can help a child not panic when they have an aquatic accident. For simplicity sake I will use the masculine pronoun he to refer to all infants and toddlers. I expect the reader to substitute the pronoun she mentally if necessary. Many parents are afraid to teach their infants to swim, but there are good reasons why both the parent and the child can benefit from swimming lessons. Your child will love the water. Being with your child in the pool can be an exciting time of bonding for the parent and child. Your child looks to you for encouragement in the new activities that he is trying to accomplish. Physical contact, hugging and touching, expresses love to your child. Being in the water with him gives you a chance to have lots of physical contact. Researchers say that physical contact especially skin to skin is very important to the bonding process. (Johnson Odent, 1995) Giving this freedom to learn new experiences helps a child reconcile the first stage in Erik Eriksons child development theory, trust versus mistrust. Furthermore, praising your child for even attempting a task even though the task was not perfectly performed is a good way to build a childs self confidence. Children who receive praise only when they do something right conclude their parents love them for their accomplishments not just themselves. Remember genuine love is not contingent on success or failure. Pediatricians have claimed to see lower instances of a cold or flu in a child who takes water safety training. (Whitehead Curtis, 1983) Furthermore, if you exercise your baby in the water he will get more exercise because of the decreased restriction that gravity has on them. Since they cant sit or stand baby exercising in the pool is more appropriate, and increased strength helps a child develop walking skills quicker. Teaching your child to swim helps improve their coordination and balance because the water helps them to move bilaterally to maintain equilibrium. (Kochan McCabe, 1986) In one study a Finnish doctor at the Department of Physical Education the children were put through a test to check motor development benefits as a result of swimming. There were only two groups one who had swimming lessons twice a week and those who had none at all. The babies in the experimental group showed better extension of their joints and were able to control their vertical position earlier than babies in the control group. The babies who took the swimming classes were ahead in all areas of muscle strength. (Johnson Odent, 1995) In another study Lies Liselott Diem of Cologne, Germany conducted an experiment on children and swimming. There were six groups of children over a two year period. The groups were divided into the age range at which a child started swimming lessons (3 months, 24 months, or 2 years of no training at all). Each group was evaluated on several different dependent values such as motor . Infant Swimming Essay Example For Students Infant Swimming Essay Drowning is the third most common death related accident among children younger than 4 in the United States and the leading cause of death in children younger than 5 in California, Arizona, and Florida. (Ellis Trent, 1997) People have reacted to such statistics by coming up with programs to teach children to swim. The programs started with the pioneering work of Virginia Hunt Newman who brought the idea over to the United States from Australia. She was taught by an Australian by the name of Claire Zimmerman. (Johnson Odent, 1995) Researchers have found that the best programs understand that knowledge of infant behavior and development would be the safest technique to prevent future drownings. We will write a custom essay on Infant Swimming specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Through years of research with constant colleague review behavioral psychologists have developed programs to reduce the chances of drowning and free the child from the effects of fear when they near the water. Operant conditioning along with psychological development are the technologies used in teaching infants. These programs use child development principles to develop the program goals. Tens of thousands of children have learned the skills to save themselves in a panic situation. The drownproofing programs in the United States have made safety their number one priority and can help a child not panic when they have an aquatic accident. For simplicity sake I will use the masculine pronoun he to refer to all infants and toddlers. I expect the reader to substitute the pronoun she mentally if necessary. Many parents are afraid to teach their infants to swim, but there are good reasons why both the parent and the child can benefit from swimming lessons. Your child will love the water. Being with your child in the pool can be an exciting time of bonding for the parent and child. Your child looks to you for encouragement in the new activities that he is trying to accomplish. Physical contact, hugging and touching, expresses love to your child. Being in the water with him gives you a chance to have lots of physical contact. Researchers say that physical contact especially skin to skin is very important to the bonding process. (Johnson Odent, 1995) Giving this freedom to learn new experiences helps a child reconcile the first stage in Erik Eriksons child development theory, trust versus mistrust. Furthermore, praising your child for even attempting a task even though the task was not perfectly performed is a good way to build a childs self confidence. Children who receive praise only when they do something right conclude their parents love them for their accomplishments not just themselves. Remember genuine love is not contingent on success or failure. Pediatricians have claimed to see lower instances of a cold or flu in a child who takes water safety training. (Whitehead Curtis, 1983) Furthermore, if you exercise your baby in the water he will get more exercise because of the decreased restriction that gravity has on them. Since they cant sit or stand baby exercising in the pool is more appropriate, and increased strength helps a child develop walking skills quicker. Teaching your child to swim helps improve their coordination and balance because the water helps them to move bilaterally to maintain equilibrium. (Kochan McCabe, 1986) In one study a Finnish doctor at the Department of Physical Education the children were put through a test to check motor development benefits as a result of swimming. There were only two groups one who had swimming lessons twice a week and those who had none at all. The babies in the experimental group showed better extension of their joints and were able to control their vertical position earlier than babies in the control group. The babies who took the swimming classes were ahead in all areas of muscle strength. (Johnson Odent, 1995) In another study Lies Liselott Diem of Cologne, Germany conducted an experiment on children and swimming. There were six groups of children over a two year period. The groups were divided into the age range at which a child started swimming lessons (3 months, 24 months, or 2 years of no training at all). Each group was evaluated on several different dependent values such as .

Hippus Or Dolphin Fish Essay Example For Students

Hippus Or Dolphin Fish Essay Hippurus also known as Dolphin Fish, Dorado, or Mahi- Mahi. Is a large deep seafish that lives in tropical and subtropical seas. They can be found underfloating objects and have been known to follow boats. You will usually find aschool of them underneath a bunch of floating Sargasso. They are bright greenishblue above, and yellow on its sides. All over the sides of their bodies theyhave Irregular blue or golden blotches. They have the capability of flashingpurple, chartreuse, and a wide range of other colors. Their body tapers sharplyfrom head to tail. The profile of an adult males head is nearly vertical and thehead of a female is more sloping and rounded. Single dark dorsal fin from justhead to tail. They have about 65 rays extending down their back. The bad thingabout this fish when you go fishing for it, the color nearly instantaneouslyfades when the fish is decked. So you cant really enjoy the beautifulcoloration of the fish. They usually live for 2-3 years. So the mature very fastafter they are born. Dolphin fish is a very good exotic food. The actual food isusually known as Mahi- Mahi which is the Hawaiian name for the fish. This is agreat tasting fish and is not that expensive but is not an every day thing. Theflesh is very white and mild, ideal for broiling, too good to waste in a fryingpan. You can usually find it in sandwiches or on BBQ as a steak. It is a higherquality fish. Good fishing fish for deep-sea fishing. I have fished for Dolphinbefore and I highly recommend it.

College Essay Sample - How to Structure a Good Essay

College Essay Sample - How to Structure a Good EssaySome college students may be wondering how to structure an essay that will be submitted in a college class. Many may also be uncertain about the topics that they should include. A question they might ask is, 'How can I format my essay to be a good essay that will get accepted?'There are many ways to structure college essays. All will require some amount of skill, but it's a skill that can be learned. In order to know which essay template will be best for you, you must learn about what is required. There are four main forms of essay writing: the introduction, the main body, the conclusion with a conclusion.What follows is a college essay sample for an introduction, or overview. College students would like to be introduced as individuals, and not just a group of numbers. If you've ever been introduced to somebody who had no idea of their accomplishments, chances are they were surprised. The introduction can become your introduction.If you want to attract the attention of college students, begin your outline with a question. Why did you get into college? What are your hopes for the future?Your goal is to give the essay reader a sense of what you hope to accomplish in your career. You can begin your story by stating your motivation and why you chose to get into college. Give reasons for being in college, and state why you wish to continue. If you're admitted, you can then outline your career goals.An important part of the introduction is your style. You don't want your student to mistake your introduction for an essay. This will make the student feel that you've written a poor piece of writing. Provide a professional, chronological style that sets the tone of your essay.Your main body is where you begin writing your main ideas. It's important to include information that is important to the reader. Don't give them unnecessary details. Simply give the reader a good idea about who you are, what you hope to accomplish , and how you want to continue in your career.The conclusion with a conclusion is your summary. It gives the essay a neat, logical ending. Your conclusion must make sense and be a logical conclusion to the main body. Ending your essay with a conclusion gives it the most value and attention.

Research Proposal on Knowledge Sharing Essay Example

Research Proposal on Knowledge Sharing Essay Knowledge sharing is the process of the exchange of information between the members of single or different social groups. It is natural that knowledge sharing is the most important factor which maintains the development of the human civilization, because every new generation receives knowledge about the world around from older generations who are considered to be more experienced, wiser and clever. Knowledge sharing is fulfilled in different ways and for various purposes. First of all the information can be provided in the verbal way. this way of sharing is the oldest one, no wonder, the first examples of literature, folklore were recited and sung in the oral way. After that appeared the written way of knowledge sharing which possessed a great number of methods and approaches. Today, knowledge sharing is conducted in the written and verbal from as well. Knowledge sharing is the core factor of the human socialization, because if one wants to survive in the society, he has be aware about the rules of life, the facts which can be useful for the survival and improvement of the quality of life. In order to share knowledge one should possess it, he should be conscious, have constant access towards it and know how to present it in the most accessible and understandable way. Nowadays, the term knowledge sharing has a bit narrower meaning connected with management. The manager is supposed to provide the novice employees about the most important facts essential for the work in the institution and this sharing is carried out during training, discussions and other events. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Knowledge Sharing specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Knowledge Sharing specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Knowledge Sharing specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Knowledge sharing is the basic factor which maintains the appropriate existence of the human civilization, because without the knowledge received in previous generations the further improvement of science and all the spheres of the human life is impossible. The idea of the research proposal is to observe the topic on knowledge sharing from the alternative side and prove to the professor that the issue is worth researching. It is a serious plus to dwell on the most thought-provoking points and aspects of knowledge sharing in order to make the paper full of sense. One can borrow the information about the topic through the trustworthy sources and brainstorm the methodology of writing. The student is supposed to prepare a persuasive assignment which would contribute into the development of the discipline and the student’s background knowledge. One is able to look through a free example research proposal on knowledge sharing written online and express his own idea relying on the thoughts of the experienced writers. One is able to cope with the convincing tone of writing and the complicated paper’s structure reading a free sample research proposal on knowledge sharing in the Internet.

Free Essays on Only The Good Die Young

November 3rd was the day I was supposed to go to Keene with my friends to watch our high school soccer team play. Of course I couldn’t go, because I forgot to take work off that day, and my boss really needed me to come in. I told Kyle and Tim that I couldn’t go and watch the game with them. I really wanted to go, but most of all I wanted to ride in Kyle’s 88’ SAAB 900 Turbo SPG. It was his pride and joy; he had just put $4,000 into his jet rocket engine and another $1,500 in accessories. Kyle always told me that his car would be the death of him. I went off to work as Kyle and his brother Tim went off to the soccer game. All day I was thinking about how much I really wanted to go with them. All I wanted was to just have a great weekend. Well, I thought to myself, at least I’m hanging out with them when I get off work. It was about 5:15pm when I started home from work. Kyle told me to give him a call around six or seven because the game was ending around five. I was just waiting in my room, wasting time, until I saw lights in my driveway. I looked outside to see whose blinding lights those were beaming in my bedroom window. It was the Amherst Police Department. They asked if they could come in and talk to me for a bit. Of course I let them in because I was curious about what they had to say to me. I thought they were here to collect all those fast food carpets I stole from McDonalds and Dominos. I was surprised though when they asked me if I knew Kyle and Tim Cristman. My heart just dropped to the floor. Quickly I sai d, â€Å"Yes.† Then they finally told me that Kyle lost control of his SAAB on Route 101, and went head on into a Yukon Denali, a car that is ten times the size of his puny SAAB. â€Å"Are they all right?† I asked. The cop looked me straight in the eyes and said, â€Å"I’m sorry, Matt, they died in that horrible crash.† I was supposed to be there with them; maybe they wouldn’t have crashed if I were in the... Free Essays on Only The Good Die Young Free Essays on Only The Good Die Young November 3rd was the day I was supposed to go to Keene with my friends to watch our high school soccer team play. Of course I couldn’t go, because I forgot to take work off that day, and my boss really needed me to come in. I told Kyle and Tim that I couldn’t go and watch the game with them. I really wanted to go, but most of all I wanted to ride in Kyle’s 88’ SAAB 900 Turbo SPG. It was his pride and joy; he had just put $4,000 into his jet rocket engine and another $1,500 in accessories. Kyle always told me that his car would be the death of him. I went off to work as Kyle and his brother Tim went off to the soccer game. All day I was thinking about how much I really wanted to go with them. All I wanted was to just have a great weekend. Well, I thought to myself, at least I’m hanging out with them when I get off work. It was about 5:15pm when I started home from work. Kyle told me to give him a call around six or seven because the game was ending around five. I was just waiting in my room, wasting time, until I saw lights in my driveway. I looked outside to see whose blinding lights those were beaming in my bedroom window. It was the Amherst Police Department. They asked if they could come in and talk to me for a bit. Of course I let them in because I was curious about what they had to say to me. I thought they were here to collect all those fast food carpets I stole from McDonalds and Dominos. I was surprised though when they asked me if I knew Kyle and Tim Cristman. My heart just dropped to the floor. Quickly I sai d, â€Å"Yes.† Then they finally told me that Kyle lost control of his SAAB on Route 101, and went head on into a Yukon Denali, a car that is ten times the size of his puny SAAB. â€Å"Are they all right?† I asked. The cop looked me straight in the eyes and said, â€Å"I’m sorry, Matt, they died in that horrible crash.† I was supposed to be there with them; maybe they wouldn’t have crashed if I were in the...

Racism in Yoshiko Uchidas Desert Exile and Anne Moodys Coming of Age Essay

Racism in Yoshiko Uchidas Desert Exile and Anne Moodys Coming of Age in Mississippi - Essay Example In Moody’s Coming of Age in Mississippi, the author presents experiences of racism as not limited to a white to black affair, but also a black-to-black affair. According to the author, whites discriminate blacks in Mississippi. To add salt to the injury, the author also points out that some blacks who are light skinned also look down upon fellow blacks that are not light skinned. Dark-skinned blacks suffer more compared to light-skinned blacks in a complex scenario of blacks discriminating against fellow blacks. For instance, Miss Pearl looks down upon Toosweet, as she is much darker than the Raymond’s family. Ann observes that â€Å"Miss Pearl and Raymond’s older sister would pass right by her without saying anything and Mama would be so hurt (Moody 49)†. Anne’s perception of the lighter skinned blacks also comes out that they see themselves as of a socially higher class than the rest of their fellow blacks. Legally, they enjoy to privileges that a re in any way different from the rest of the black community. That points out to some sort of disunity at that particular historical time. Some children innocently respond to racism with an attempt too physically examine the claimed superiority from white children with whom they play. Children are subjected to racial discrimination despite the fact that they do not know anything. The author mentions heard public arguments that blacks were inferior to whites genetically. Innocently, Anne had the white children remove their clothes so that she would examine them to confirm or disconfirm the claim (Moody 34). The incident demonstrates the racial institutionalization and indoctrinated into children’s minds. From a very young age, children are already growing up with negative connotations of race. Mrs. Burke comes out as an example of whites who discriminated against blacks including making false allegations against blacks. Anne responds by

Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

Human Resource Management - Essay Example Development and implementation of specific strategies in an organisation is solemnly the role of human resource department. Human resource management has to embrace a close-knit relationship with their employees for the smooth running of an organisation. This is paramount because it encourages employees to give their best to the tasks of an organisation. One of the ways to maximise workforce performance is through motivation. Motivating human resource has a direct impact to the accomplishment of organisation’s targets (Martin and Fellenz, 2010: 445). This paper will endeavour to highlight the theories that explain motivation. Theories of Motivation Motivation is a process that instigates, directs, and maintains goal-oriented behaviour. This is very important because competition in workplace increases in daily basis as well as unemployment rate. Therefore, human resource management team should find prudent ways to motivate the labour force. The workforce acts in a particular ma nner depending on level of motivation. Motivation is a combination of biological, emotional, cognitive, and social forces. This is the dedication to do work. The performance of workforce is the product of their skills and experience, and the level of motivation. ... Theory of Scientific Management Frederick W. Taylor put forward this theory. Taylor holds that it is through maximal work productivity that an organisation can accomplish economic prosperity. This in turn could make employees more efficient. Taylor believes that the pay motivates the workforce. The theory analyses and synthesises the workflows thereby improving labour productivity. Taylor asserts that the human resource should not base their decision on traditional rules of thumb. They should develop precise procedures to study individuals at work. The main idea that Taylor holds is to increase workforce efficiency and decrease wastage (Handy, 1993:35). The theory argues that workers do not naturally enjoy work and work environment. In the light of this, Taylor proposes that the labour force requires close supervision and control. The theory of scientific management advocates that payment of workers be in accordance to the number of items they produce (Handy, 1993: 40). The theory ca lls for managers to break down production into series of small tasks. The human resource should then provide the necessary training and tools to workers to work in a particular task. The theory of scientific management reveals that this is the way to achieve efficiency in the workplace. The payment is then based on the quality of work that the workers perform. This means that the labour force will work hard to get a maximum pay. Therefore, money is the motivating factor. In turn, the organization will achieve its set goals. Maslow’s Need Theory Abraham Maslow proposed theory in the year 1943. The theory argues that each human being has specific fundamental requirements. Every human being is born with some needs. The necessities are exposed as an

The Things They Carried Essay Example for Free

The Things They Carried Essay Some things in life become part of you. People, places, feelings; you can become so close that you are one. But sometimes, these things can consume you; swallow you whole. In Tim OBriens novel, The Things They Carried, many characters become one with the land of Vietnam. Vietnam consumes characters in different ways, but it always results in a characters unity with the land. Unity is defined as â€Å"the state of being one; oneness†. Kiowa physically becomes part of the land in â€Å"Speaking of Courage†, when he sinks into the shit field, where Jimmy Cross ordered his troops to camp out. In this case, Kiowa is literally swallowed by the land. Mary Anne becomes part of the land differently in â€Å"Sweetheart of the Song Tra Bong†. She becomes psychologically attached to the land; it consumes her mind and her life. Vietnam is dangerous and hungry. It will eat you alive. During Norman Bowkers flashback in â€Å"Speaking of Courage†, its learned that Jimmy Cross orders his platoon to camp out in â€Å"a big swampy field beside the river There was a ville nearby fifty meters downstream and right away a dozen old mama-sans ran out and started yelling bout how the field was bad news not a good spot for GIs. † (144, 145). Cross decides to set up camp, regardless, and â€Å"the rain kept getting worse by midnight the field turned into soup. † (145). A soldier soon realizes that â€Å"it was a shit field the village toilet. † (145). The Viet Cong troops attack the platoon, and hell breaks loose. â€Å" he heard somebody screaming It was Kiowa Kiowas wide open eyes settling down into the scum Kiowa was almost completely under There were bubbles where Kiowas should have been Kiowa was gone. † (148, 149). Kiowa gets sucked into the shit, and physically becomes part of Vietnam. Tim OBriens writing emphasizes Vietnam, the land itself, as a character. Vietnam does as it pleases; takes what it wants. It selfishly takes Kiowa away, so that both of them can be in unity until the end of time. However, unlike Kiowa, Mary Anne becomes psychologically one with Vietnam in â€Å"Sweetheart of the Song Tra Bong†. Rat Kiley tells a remarkable tale about an American war medic, Mark Fossie, who ships his girlfriend, Mary Anne, over to Vietnam to be with him. â€Å".. the guy sends her the money. Flies her over. This cute blonde just barely out of high school Comes right out to the boonies. † (90). The troops stationed at the medical base take a liking to Mary Anne; she reminds them of the girls back home. Time passes, and Mary Anne begins to evolve. Shes curious about everything, especially Vietnam; the people, the land and the war. â€Å"She was curious about things she liked to roam around asking questions She had a good quick mind The war intrigued her. The land, too, and the mystery. † (95, 96). Soon, Mary Anne hangs around with the elite Green Berets stationed at the medical base. She goes on ambush and patrols the wilderness with them. Mary Anne enters Vietnam as a naive child, but the land changes her into a brutal she-warrior. Vietnam infatuates her; it fills her body and soul with the desire to be free within its mysterious realm. â€Å" everything around it, the entire war, the mountains villages the trails and trees rivers and deep misted-over valleys Sometimes I want to eat this place. Vietnam. I want to swallow the whole country I just want to eat it and have it there inside me you cant feel like that anywhere else. † (111). Mary Anne loses herself to Vietnam. It consumes her, and she embraces it. She is bound to the land in perfect unity, until her dying day. â€Å"She had crossed to the other side. She was part of the land She was dangerous. She was ready for the kill. † (116). Vietnam is ravenous and can never satisfy its vicious hunger. It feeds on the minds, bodies, and souls of its prey by eating them alive. To be consumed by the land is to become one with it; joined in complete unity, both perfect and terrifying. Vietnam is shrouded in mystery and danger. If youre not careful, it may suck you in and never let you go.